Pediatric Caudal Injection Volume on Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter and Cerebral Oxygenation

  • STATUS
    Recruiting
  • participants needed
    80
  • sponsor
    Aybike Onur Gönen
Updated on 19 February 2024
elective surgery
optic nerve
pediatric
caudal injection

Summary

Caudal anesthesia is a commonly used neuraxial anesthesia method for children. Injection of a certain volume of fluid into the epidural space for cauda anesthesia may push some cerebrospinal fluid towards the head, which may lead to mild increase of pressures inside the head. Such mild changes are compensated well by healthy individuals and no clinical sequel is seen, however at-risk populations may be affected. We aim to see how different amounts of fluid injected into the epidural space may change two clinical parameters affected by intracranial pressure to determine if a lower volume is safer than a higher one.

Description

Caudal epidural injection of local anesthetic solution is a common neuraxial anesthesia technique that provides excellent peri-operative analgesia in children. Unfused sacral hiatus allows for easy and safe access into the epidural space. Anatomically, injection of a certain volume of fluid over the dural sac inside the closed spinal canal can push the cerebrospinal fluid cranially. This push may lead to increased intracranial pressure. We will measure two findings affected by intracranial pressure (optic nerve sheath diameter and cerebral oxygenation) and compare the effects of two different volumes of caudal injections on these measures.

Children with closed fontanelles and scheduled to undergo elective surgery, for which caudal anesthesia is an effective method for peri-operative analgesia, will be recruited for this study. Injection volume will be determined depending on the level of analgesia required for the surgical procedure. Ultrasonographic measurements of optic nerve sheath diameter and near-infrared spectrometry measurement of cerebral oxygenation will be taken before and after caudal anesthesia.

Details
Condition Increased intracranial pressure, caudal anesthesia, Pediatrics
Age 1-10 years
Treatment Caudal anesthesia
Clinical Study IdentifierNCT04491032
SponsorAybike Onur Gönen
Last Modified on19 February 2024

Eligibility

Yes No Not Sure

Inclusion Criteria

ASA class 1 or 2
Scheduled for elective surgery suitable for caudal anesthesia
Parental/guardian consent for caudal anesthesia and measurements obtained
Closed fontanelles

Exclusion Criteria

Open fontanelle
Parental/guardian refusal
Previous intracranial or ocular pathology
Coagulapathies
Variations in gross and ultrasonographic sacral anatomy
Block performence to end of surgery expected to last less than 30 minutes
Block volumes more than 30ml needed
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