Avelumab and Methotrexate in in Low-risk Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasias as First Line Treatment

  • STATUS
    Recruiting
  • End date
    Jul 12, 2026
  • participants needed
    26
  • sponsor
    Hospices Civils de Lyon
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Updated on 19 February 2024
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Summary

Gestational trophoblastic neoplasias (GTN) are characterized by the persistence of elevated hCG titers after complete uterine evacuation of a partial hydatidiform mole (PHM) or a complete hydatidiform mole.

Low-risk GTN patients (FIGO score 6) are commonly treated with single agent treatment (methotrexate or actinomycin-D) The cure rate, assessed by hCG normalization, is obtained in 65 to 75% of patients with these agents GTN patients with resistance to these treatments are treated with another single agent drug or polychemotherapy regimens, such as EMA-CO or BEP regimen.

Chemotherapy standard regimens are old and toxic for these young lady patients, with potential long term effects detrimental for further maternity and quality of life

There is a strong rational for investigating the anti-PDL1 monoclonal antibody avelumab in chemoresistant GTN patients. Several elements suggest that the normal pregnancy immune tolerance is "hijacked" by GTN cell for proliferating :

  • Spontaneous regressions of metastastic GTN are regularly observed, thereby the role of immune system for rejecting GTN cells.
  • Strong and constant overexpression of PDL1 and NK cells has been found in all subtypes and settings of GTN tumors from French reference gestational trophoblastic center.
  • Complete and durable responses to pembrolizumab were reported in 3 patients with multi-chemoresistant GTN in United Kingdom.
  • Three cases of hCG normalization with avelumab in 6 patients with chemo-resistant GTN enrolled in TROPHIMMUN cohort A (resistant to a mono-chemotherapy).
  • Cytotoxicity of avelumab is mediated through antibody dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC) by NK cells.

Details
Condition Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasias (GTN)
Age 18-100 years
Treatment Avelumab Injection, Methotrexate 1 GM Injection
Clinical Study IdentifierNCT04396223
SponsorHospices Civils de Lyon
Last Modified on19 February 2024

Eligibility

 Yes No Not Sure

Inclusion Criteria

\- Woman older than 18 years
Low-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia according to FIGO score (FIGO score 6) with indication of methotrexate as first line treatment
Patients with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 2
Patients with adequate bone marrow function measured within 28 days prior to administration of study treatment as defined below
Absolute granulocyte count 1.5 x 10 9 /L
Platelet count 100 x 10 9 /L
Haemoglobin 9.0 g/dL (may have been blood transfused)
Patients with adequate renal function
Calculated creatinine clearance 30 ml/min according to the Cockcroft-Gault formula (or local institutional standard method)
Patients with adequate hepatic function
Serum bilirubin 1.5 x UNL and AST/ALT 2.5 X UNL ( 5 X UNL for patients with liver metastases)
Patients must have a life expectancy 16 weeks
Confirmation of non-childbearing status for women of childbearing potential
An evolutive pregnancy can be ruled out in the following cases
in case of a previous hysterectomy
if serum hCG level 2 000 IU/L and no intra or extra-uterine gestational sac is detected on pelvic ultrasound
if serum hCG level < 2 000 IU/L on a first measurement and serum hCG increases <100% on a second measurement performed 3 days later
Highly effective contraception if the risk of conception exists. (Note: The effects of the trial drug on the developing human fetus are unknown; thus, women of childbearing potential must agree to use 2 highly effective contraceptions, defined as methods with a failure rate of less than 1 % per year. Highly effective contraception is required at least 28 days prior, throughout and for at least 12 months after avelumab treatment
Patients who gave its written informed consent to participate to the study
Patients affiliated to a social insurance regime
Patient is willing and able to comply with the protocol for the duration of the treatment

Exclusion Criteria

Prior therapy with an anti-PD-1, anti-PD-L1, anti-PD-L2, anti-CD137, or anti- CTLA 4 antibody (including ipilimumab, tremelimumab or any other antibody or drug specifically targeting T-cell costimulation or immune checkpoint pathways)
Illness, incompatible with avelumab, such as congestive heart failure; respiratory distress; liver failure; uncontrolled epilepsy; allergy
Patients with a known allergic hypersensitivity to methotrexate or any of the other ingredients (sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide, and hydrochloric acid if excipient)
Patients with second primary cancer, except: adequately treated non-melanoma skin cancer, curatively treated in-situ cancer of the cervix, or other solid tumours curatively treated with no evidence of disease for 5 years
All subjects with brain metastases, except those meeting the following criteria
Brain metastases that have been treated locally and are clinically stable for at least 2 weeks prior to enrolment, No ongoing neurological symptoms that are related to the brain localization of the disease (sequelae that are a consequence of the treatment of the brain metastases are acceptable)
Subjects with brain metastases must be either off steroids except a stable or decreasing dose of <10mg daily prednisone (or equivalent)
Patients receiving any systemic chemotherapy, radiotherapy (except for palliative reasons), within 2 weeks from the last dose prior to study treatment (or a longer period depending on the defined characteristics of the agents used). The patient can receive a stable dose of bisphosphonates for bone metastases, before and during the study as long as these were started at least 4 weeks prior to treatment with study drug
Persistent toxicities (>=CTCAE grade 2) with the exception of alopecia and sensory neuropathy, caused by previous cancer therapy
Treatment with other investigational agents
Bowel occlusive syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, immune colitis, or other gastro-intestinal disorder that does not allow oral medication such as malabsorption
Stomatitis, ulcers of the oral cavity and known active gastrointestinal ulcer disease
Clinically significant (i.e., active) and severe cardiovascular disease according to investigator opinion such as myocardial infarction (< 6 months prior to enrollment)
Patients with immune pneumonitis, pulmonary fibrosis
Known severe hypersensitivity reactions to monoclonal antibodies, any history of anaphylaxis, or uncontrolled asthma (ie, 3 or more features of partially controlled asthma Global Initiative for Asthma 2011)
Known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) related illness
Active infection requiring systemic therapy
Positive test for HBV surface antigen and / or confirmatory HCV RNA (if anti-HCV antibody tested positive)
Administration of a live vaccine within 30 days prior to study entry
Current or prior use of immunosuppressive medication within 7 days prior to start of study treatment
The following are exceptions to this exclusion criterion
Intranasal, inhaled, topical steroids, or local steroid injections (eg, intra-articular injection)
Systemic corticosteroids at physiologic doses not to exceed 10 mg/day of prednisone or equivalent
Steroids as premedication for hypersensitivity reactions (eg, CT scan premedication)
Active autoimmune disease that might deteriorate when receiving an immunostimulatory agents
Patients with diabetes type I, vitiligo, psoriasis, hypo- or hyperthyroid
disease not requiring immunosuppressive treatment are eligible
Female patients who are pregnant or lactating, or are of childbearing potential and not practicing a medically acceptable method of birth control
Treatment with oral anticoagulant such Coumadin
Alcoholism (patient interview, investigator judgment)
Resting ECG with QTc > 470msec on 2 or more time points within a 24 hour period or family history of long QT syndrome. Torsades de Pointes, arrhythmias (including sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmia and ventricular fibrillation, bradycardia defined as <50 bpm), right bundle branch block and left anterior hemiblock (bifascicular block), unstable angina, coronary/peripheral artery bypass graft, symptomatic congestive heart failure (CHF New York Heart Association Class III or IV), cerebrovascular accident, transient ischemic attack or symptomatic pulmonary embolism
Prior organ transplantation, including allogeneic stem cell transplantation (excluding autologous bone marrow transplant)
Patients under guardianship
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